kinds of the noun (नाउन के प्रकार )
Table of Contents
(a) Countable noun: which can be counted(नाउन जिन्हे गिना जा सकता है।)
- Proper noun
- Common noun
- Collective noun
(b) Uncountable noun: which cannot be counted(नाउन जिन्हे गिना नहीं जा सकता है।)
- material noun
- abstract noun
1. Proper noun(व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा ):
The word which denotes a proper person, place, Creature, thing, called a Proper noun.
person⇒ Creature⇒ Ram, Shyam, Tommy, etc.
place⇒ Agar, Dehli, Kolkata.
thing⇒ fan, book, Gita,
2. Common noun(जातिवाचक संज्ञा ): 
The word which denotes a Common person, place, Creature, thing, called a Common noun.
person ⇒ Boy, man, woman, dog, girl
place ⇒ Village, town, school,
Thing ⇒ Book Table, pen
3. Collective noun:(समूहवाचक संज्ञा)
the word which denotes a group of person or other creature, place, and things
group of person
- A team of players
- A class of students
- An army of soldier
Collection of things
- A fleet of ships
- A bunch of flowers
- A library of books
Some important collective noun
a team of players
a tribe of natives
a troop of scouts
a bunch of crocks
a caravan of gypsies
a choir of singers
a class of students
a zoo of wild animals
a crowd of people
an anthology of poems
a horde of savages
a bale of cotton
a basket of fruit
a batch of bread
a galaxy of stars
a group of islands
a fleet of ships
a forest of trees
a hail of bullets
a hand of bananas
a harvest of wheat
a heap of rubbish
a hedge of bushes
a library of books
an outfit of clothes
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4. material noun:(पदार्थवाचक संज्ञा) which denotes material.
Gold सोना, Silver चांदी, Copper ताम्बा, Wood लकड़ी, Stone पत्थर etc.
5. abstract noun:(भाववाचक संज्ञा)the noun which denotes the quality, condition and actions.
Honesty ईमानदारी, love प्यार, Thinking सोच, Feelings भावनाये,Childhood बचपन,
kinds of number
singular and pluralnumber(एक वचन संज्ञा और बहुवचन संज्ञा )
Rule 1:In general “s” is used at the end of singular to make it plural.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| Pencil | Pencils |
| Cow | Cows |
| House | Houses |
| Dog | Dogs |
| Mobile | Mobiles |
Rule 2: If there exist s, sh, ch, x, and z in the end, “es” gets to be used.
Examples:
| Singular | Plural |
| Bus | Buses |
| Dish | Dishes |
| Branch | Branches |
| Fox | Foxes |
| Fez | Fezes |
rule3: when there’s a “y” in the end and a Consonant before that “y”, “i” substitutes it and an “es” thereafter.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| Story | Stories |
| Hobby | Hobbies |
| Army | Armies |
| Fly | Flies |
| Baby | Babies |
rule4: but if there’s a vowel ahead of that “y”, no need to change it, only “s” to add make plural.
| Example | |
| Singular | Plural |
| Donkey | Donkeys |
| Toy | Toys |
| Day | Days |
| Joy | Joys |
| Play | Plays |
Rule 5: “v” replaces f or fe and then adds an “es” to finish it.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| thief | Thieves |
| Wife | Wives |
| Knife | Knives |
| Wolf | Wolves |
| Leaf | Leaves |
Rule6: “es” to be added if the noun is finished by “o” and consonant places ahead.
Example:
| singular | Plural |
| Hero | Heroes |
| Mango | Mangoes |
| Zero | Zeroes |
| Potato | Potatoes |
| Echo | Echoes |
Rule7: but when there’s a vowel before that “o”, only “s” is enough.
Example
| Singular | Plural |
| Cuckoo | Cuckoos |
| Bamboo | Bamboos |
| Studio | Studios |
| Portfolio | Portfolios |
| Cameo | Cameos |
Rule 8:Some requires changing the middle vowel of the word to make it plural.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| Man | Men |
| Woman | Women |
| Foot | Feet |
| Mouse | Mice |
| Tooth | Teeth |
Rule 9:Some require en, ren, and ne to add at last to make plural.
Example:
| Singular | plural |
| Ox | Oxen |
| Child | Children |
| Brother | Brethren (brothers also correct) |
| Cow | Kine (cows also correct) |
| Sister | Sistren (sisters also correct) |
Rule 10: If a compound noun contains several words, “s” comes to join with the main part of that noun.
Example:
| Singular | Plural |
| Brother-in-law | Brothers-in-law |
| Passers-by | Passers-by |
| Step-brother | Step-brothers |
| Commander-in-chief | Commanders-in-chief |
| Maid-servant | Maid-servants |
Rule 11:Some singular nouns have no plural form, only used in the singular.
Example:
| Furniture |
| Scenery |
| Issue |
| Bread |
| expenditure |
Rule 12:Though some nouns seem singular, actually, they are plural.
Example:
| Government |
| Peasantry |
| People |
| Cattle |
| Mankind |
Rule 13:Similarly, some nouns seem plural though they are singular.
Example:
| Physics |
| Politics |
| Ethics |
| News |
| Wages |
Rule 14:Some have the same singular and plural form.
Example:
| Deer |
| Sheep |
| Species |
| Corps |
| Canon |
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