Active voice passive voice with Rules & Examples

Active voice and passive voice

1.   Active voice: A verb is said to be in the active voice when the person or thing denoted by the subject acts.

किसी verb को Active voice में तब कहा जाता है। जब कोई व्यक्ति या वस्तु subject के रूप में कुछ करता है। जैसे:

I write a letter.  में पत्र लिखता हु।

She is Washing clothes. वह कपडे धो रही है।

उपरोक्त वाक्यों में हम देख सकते है की Subject (कर्ता ) I लिखने तथा she कपडे धोने का काम कर रहे है। अतः write और washing Active voice में है।

2.  Passive voice: A verb is said to be in the passive voice when the person or thing denoted by the subject does not act but suffers the action done by something/ Someone.

किसी verb को Passive voice में तब कहा जाता है। जब कोई व्यक्ति या वस्तु subject के रूप में कुछ नहीं करता है। जबकि किसी अन्य व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु द्वारा किये गए कार्य का परिणाम भोगता है।  जैसे :

A letter is written by me. -    पत्र मेरे द्वारा लिखा जाता है।

A letter is written by him.  - पत्र उसके द्वारा लिखा जाता है।

Structure of Active and Passive Voice

Active voice describes a sentence where the subject is the does of an action. Its structure goes like this-

Subject + Verb+ Object

Passive voice expresses an action that is carried out on the subject of the sentence. Its structure is-

Object + verb +subject

proverbs with Hindi meaning

Some important rules of change from active voice to passive voice Active voice and passive voice

Step (1): Active voice के sentence के object को passive voice में Subject की जगह लिखते है।

Step (2): tense तथा passive subject के number तथा Person के मुताबिक Auxiliary verb का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Step (3): Main verb ( मुख्य क्रिया ) का always third form use किया जाता है।

Step (4): use prepositions by

by prepositions का प्रयोग जरूरत के मुताबिक करे ! by के अलावा अन्य preposition at, to, with आदि का प्रयोग भी जरूरत के हिसाब से किया जाता है।

Step (5): Active voice के sentence के Subject को passive voice में  objectकी जगह लिखते है।

Note: तीनो ही काल (Tense) के perfect continuous ( present perfect continuous, Past perfect continuous, future perfect continuous तथा Future continuous) के वाक्यों को  Active voice से passive voice में change नहीं किया जाता है।

निचे दि गयी टेबल  को ध्यान से देखिये और समझने की कोशिश कीजिये।  sentences में अलग – अलग tense में होने वाले परिवर्तन को देखेंगे।

 

Tense

SN	Active voice	Tense	passive voice
1.	Ram kills Rawan.	Present indefinite	Rawan is killed by Rawan.
2.	Arti is singing a song.	Present continuous	A song is being sung by Arti.
3.	I have told a lie.	Present perfect	a lie has been told by me.
4.	She loved me.	Past indefinite	I was loved by her.
5.	She was writing a letter.	Past continues	a letter was being written by her.
6.	I had completed my work.	Past perfect tense	my work had been completed by me.
7.	nobody will catch you.	Future Indefinite	you will not be caught.
8.	she will have done it.	Future perfect	It will have been done by her.

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