Finite and Non-finite verbs

 Finite verb                        

वे क्रिया(verb) जो sentence वाक्य के कर्ता(Subject)के number,person और tense के मुताबिक अपना रूप  बदलती है वे क्रियाये Finite verb कहलाती है।   Finite and Non-finite verbs

A finite verb is that which changes its form according to the subject and tense called a finite verb.

For example:

•  I am a good singer.
• I want to write.
• They were students.
• He is an honest person.
•  you are a teacher.
•  They are my relatives.
• She is a good girl.

वे क्रिया(verb) जो sentence वाक्य के कर्ता(Subject)के number,person और tense के मुताबिक अपना रूप नहीं   बदलती है वे क्रियाये non -Finite verb कहलाती है।

A non-finite verb does not change its form according to the subject and tense called a finite verb.

उपरोक्त sentences में am ,want, are,is तथा were finite verbs है जिसका स्वरुप Subject तथा  tense के अनुसार बदलता रहता है।अर्थात finite verb subject तथा tense से प्रभावित होकर सिमित हो जाती है। 

Let’s understand with some More examples:

 Shyam plays cricket.

 you play cricket.

He plays cricket.

I want to write.

He wants to write.

उपरोक्त वाक्यों से स्पष्ट हे की shyam and he के लिए plays का use किया है। जबकि you के लिए play का use किया गया है। इसी प्रकार I के लिए Want तथा He के लिए wants का use किया गया है। 

Non-finite verb                                        Finite and Non-finite verbs

वे क्रिया(verb) जो sentence वाक्य के कर्ता(Subject)के number,person और tense के मुताबिक अपना रूप नहीं   बदलती है वे क्रियाये non -Finite verb कहलाती है।

A non-finite verb does not change its form according to the subject and tense called a non finite verb.

Some examples–

1: He wants to speak english.

2: they want to speak english.

3:I want to write.

4:She wants to write.

5: Ram wants to learn painting.

6: You want to learn painting.

ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यो में want एक finite verb है जिसका स्वरूप subject और tense के हिसाब से बदल रहा है जबकि ,to speak,to write ,to learn एक non finite verb है क्योंकि इसका रूप subject और tense के हिसाब के  नहीं बदलता है।

there are three types of non finite verbs

Infinitives – These are the base form of the verb and are usually preceded by “to”. For example – to write, to learn, to cook, to go

Example:-

She wants to write.

I want to learn Hindi grammar.

Sita likes to cook.

Dev wants to go there.

Gerunds – These are nouns made from the verb by adding ‘ing’ at the end of the verb. For example -reading, playing, walking

Example:-

walking is an exercise.

He likes reading stories.

She is fond of playing cricket.

Participles – These are a form of the verb which can be used as an adjective, to create verb tense and passive voice. These are basically of three types :

1. present participle – It is the ‘ing’ form of a verb like dancing, cooking, walking.
2. past participle – It usually ends with ‘ed’, ‘d, ‘t’s, ‘en’ or ‘n’. For example – played, danced, taken, eaten, gone.
3. perfect participle – It is the form of the verb usually formed as, ‘having+past participle’. For example – having cooked, having walked, having danced.

Read also

• forms of the verb
• list of adjective
• list of collective noun
• english vocabulary
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• proverbs with Hindi meaning
• imperative sentences
• kinds of noun
• use of can
• simple sentences

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